Report on the Post-Raupatu Claims. Volume II

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CHAPTER 7: THE ANCESTRAL LANDSCAPE—continued
7.5 Environmental management and modification, 18861991—continued
7.5.3 Pollution of Tauranga Moana—continued
(1) Katikati: dairy factory waste and Matakana Island sewerage outfall 554
(2) Conclusions 559
7.5.4 Losing customary fisheries 559
(1) Crown control of fisheries 559
(2) The depletion of customary fisheries: causes and consequences 563
(3) Modern management of customary fisheries 569
(4) Conclusions 572
7.6 The current resource management regime: can Māori now exercise rangatiratanga and kaitiakitanga? 574
7.6.1 The Resource Management Act 574
7.6.2 Claimant concerns 577
(1) Wastewater disposal 578
(2) Engagement in decision-making and planning 579
(3) Resource consent challenges 585
7.6.3 Some encouraging signs: Ngā Pāpaka o Rangataua 587
7.6.4 Conclusions 588
7.7 The submissions of the parties 588
7.7.1 Claimant submissions 589
7.7.2 Crown submissions 592
7.7.3 Local authority submissions 595
7.7.4 Claimants’ replies 597
7.8 Tribunal discussion, analysis, and findings 598
7.8.1 What rights did the Treaty protect over the natural resources and taonga of Tauranga Moana? 598
(1) Discussion of the facts 598
(2) Treaty analysis and findings 600
7.8.2 Has the Crown protected the tino rangatiratanga and kaitiakitanga of Tauranga Māori over their taonga? 605
(1) Loss of ownership over Tauranga Moana 606
(a) Discussion of the facts 606
(b) Treaty analysis and findings 608
(2) Loss of ownership of waterways 608
(a) Discussion of the facts 608
(b) Treaty analysis and findings 610
(3) Rangatiratanga in environmental management, 1886–1990 611
(a) Discussion of the facts 611
(b) Treaty analysis and findings 614
7.8.3 Has the Crown been responsible for degradation and pollution of the natural resources and taonga of Tauranga Māori? 615
(1) Discussion of the facts 615