THE CROWN, THE TREATY, AND THE HAURAKI TRIBES, 1800–1885

15 pa in the area, scattered from the Maungatautari foothills to Tauwhere, including Horotiu (located at present day Cambridge), and intermarrying with their hosts. 14

A new balance of power was gradually established. In the mid-1820s, Ngati Paoa, under the leadership of Te Rauroha, made peace with Ngapuhi, and started to return to their settlements at Ponui, Taupo, and Waihopuhopu on the south-west shores of the Firth around Kaiaua. Mauinaina was eventually reoccupied in 1826–1827, although Mokoia village on the Panmure side appears not to have been resettled.15 D'Urville, visiting the Tamaki estuary at this time, was met by two Ngati Paoa chiefs, Te Rangi and Tawhiti, who showed him the access up the river to the portage at Otahuhu. The two Maori named their father as Te Haupa, from near the Thames, who had placed a tapu on their old homes as a result of epidemic sickness, and moved his people further north on the left shore of Hauraki Bay. On their journey to the Manukau, the party of French noted a 'mobile camp' of huts on the Tamaki River, the village of Orouroa, a number of canoes and a 'great many inhabitants' on the eastern bank, and on their return, 'crowds of natives ... looking for shellfish in the muds and the rocks at the entrance ... covered with men fishing.'16 In the peace-making which followed the Waikato and Hauraki counterattacks, Ngapuhi chief, Patuone, married Riria, a high-ranking woman of Ngati Paoa and settled at Putiki, on Waiheke. Many Ngati Paoa returned to Waiheke, Tamaki, and Takapuna, shortly thereafter. Owairoa (Howick) was repossessed by Ngati Tai and Ngati Tamatera, the two groups being connected through Kahawa, from whom the great Ngati Tamatera chief, Te Moananui (also known as Katikati), traced descent.17 Around 1830 the return of the Marutuahu people to the Hauraki lands of the isthmus and peninsula was accelerated by the outbreak of hostilities at Maungatautari with Ngati Haua, led by Te Waharoa, which culminated in the battle of Taumatawiwi.18

The return of the Hauraki tribes to the Auckland region did not go unchallenged, bringing them into direct competition with Waikato peoples for control of the shores of the southern gulf. In the early 1830s the 'Thames tribes' became embroiled in dispute with sections of Waikato and with Apihai over an incident at. Whakatiwai (near Miranda), resulting in an abortive counterattack at Maramarua. A general regional peace-making was, however, brokered by the Church Missionary Society (CMS) and Te Wherowhero, who was anxious to gain access to trade with the Europeans frequenting the Waitemata and Manukau Harbours. This involved the resettlement of the Tamaki isthmus by Ngati Teata, Ngati Tamaoho, Te Akitai, and Ngati Whatua; the occupation of certain sites (Awhitu, Mangere, and 'gifted' lands at Onehunga, Pukapuka, and Remuera) by Te Wherowhero's own people; and the 'sale' of a large disputed territory (Papakura, Otahuhu, and Maraetai) to the missionary, Fairburn. Signatories to that

14 Ibid., p. 28; P. Monin, Waiheke Island: A History, Palmerston North, 1992, p. 36.

15 B. Kayes, 'The Ancestors of Ngati Paoa,' University of Auckland. Cited in Waitangi Tribunal, Report of the Waitangi Tribunal on the Waiheke Island Claim, Wai 10, Wellington, 1989, p. 6.

16 Dumont D'Urville, New Zealand 1826–1827. An English Translation of the Voyage de l'Astrolabe in New Zealand waters with an Introductory Essay by Olive Wright, np, 1950, pp. 217–219.

17 See Mackay report, 23 June 1865. Le 11865/138. Doc. 16, pp. 125–126

18 A. Ward, 'Supplementary Historical Report on Central Auckland Lands.' Report prepared for CCJWP, 1992, pp. 8–9.

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